Computer Network

Computer network (the network) is a system consisting of computers that are designed to be able to share resources (printers, CPU), communication (email, instant messaging), and can access information (web browser).

In order to achieve its objectives, each part of the computer network to request and provide services (service). The party requesting / receiving the service are called clients (client) and providing / sending service called the waiter (server). The design of this referred to as client-server system, and is used in almost all computer network applications.

Two computers that each have a network card, then connected via a wired or wireless data transmission medium, and there is a network operating system software to form a simple computer network. If you want to create a wider network of computers longer range, it would require additional equipment such as the Hub, Bridge, Switch, Router, Gateway as interconnection equipment.

 

History begins with the birth of the computer network computer network concept in the 1940s in America was initiated by a computer development project in the lab I MODEL Bell and the research group led by Harvard University professor Howard Aiken. At the beginning of the project is to utilize a computer equipment to be used together. In order to do some process without wasting lots of free time made the process of succession (Batch Processing), so that multiple programs can run in a computer with the rules of the queue. [3]Then in 1950's when the computer starts growing species to create a super computer, a computer must serve a few places available (terminal), for it found the concept of distribution of time-based process known as TSS (Time Sharing System). [4] So for the first time in the form of a network (network) was applied to the computer. [4] The TSS system several terminals are connected in series to a computer or other devices are connected in a network (host) computer. [4] In the process of starting TSS appears to consist of computer technology and telecommunications technology that was originally developed on their own. [4] U.S. Department of Defense, U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) decided to conduct research that aims to connect a computer to form an organic network in 1969. [5] The program of research This is known as the ARPANET. [5] In 1970, more than 10 computers are successfully connected to each other so that they can communicate with each other and form a network. [5] And in 1970 it was well after the work load increase and prices large computers began to be very expensive, then start to use the concept of the distribution process (Distributed Processing). [3] In this process some of the host computer to do a great job in parallel to serve multiple terminals are connected in series in each host computer. [3] In distribution process is absolutely necessary in-depth blend of computer and telecommunications technology, because in addition to the process that must be distributed, all must serve the host computer terminals in a single command from the computer center. [3]